Dec 14, 2010 contradictions in host plant resistance to pests. Plant resistance to a herbivore results from the expression by the plant of resistancerelated traits that interfere with one or more aspects of the herbivores complex interaction with the plant. Host plant resistance for cowpea insect pest management volume 8 special issue s. The occurrence of all of these factors can be minimised by the use of integrated pest management ipm. Host plant resistance and chemical control of chilo partellus swinhoe and busseola fusca fuller in an integrated pest management system on grain sorghum. Mainly from ferris et al 1992 beyond pesticides biological approaches to management in california, based on material from p. The role of plant resistance as a direct control tactic in insect integrated pest management ipm will be emphasized. Integrated pest management in the commercial ornamental nursery 1.
Leuschner, k and taneja, s l and sharma, h c 1985 the role of host plant resistance in pest management in sorghum in india. Insectresistant crop varieties suppress insect pest abundance or elevate the damage tolerance level of the plants. Breeding plants or animals for resistance to insects is really just another form of biological pest control. Whenever possible, eradication, exclusion, host resistance, and protection should be practiced. Legal methods definition pest introductions quarantine phytosanitary certificate pest legislation. Integration of plant resistance with pest management methods. Integrated pest management ipm is a system of protecting crops that meets the requirements of sustainable development by allowing farmers to manage pests in a way that is costeffective, environmentally sound and suitable to adopt under local conditions. Pdf the paper stresses the fact that an integrated pest management system is not a new concept leading to a more stable agroecosystem. Efforts are also underway to utilize molecular techniques to increase the levels of resistance to pod borer. As an integrated pest management tactic, hostplant resistance entails the intentional use of resistant crop varieties, alone or in combination with other tactics, to.
Integrated pest management in the commercial ornamental nursery 4 know pest profile of plant, multiple pests may present problem tolerate low level pest populations to sustain beneficials use soaps, oils and biologicals as preventatives to conserve natural beneficials use selective pesticides that are easy on beneficials. Breeding for host plant resistance nc state university. The broad coverage includes crop plant and insect diversity, mechanisms of insect plant interactions, host plant selection, components of resistance, the biochemical basis for resistance, mechanisms of resistance, factors affecting expression of resistance, screening techniques for resistance, the role of insect. These detrimental nontarget effects motivate the use of alternative pest management strategies such as host plant resistance and intercropping. Host plant resistance and insect pest management in chickpea. The role of host plant resistance in insect pest mismanagement. Rather than finding insects to attack the pests, breeders look for genetic traits or combinations of traits that reduce an organisms susceptibility to attack or injury by its insect pests. Exploring the impacts of insecticide and host plant resistance for insect pest management, ashley nicole dean.
Recognizing there are entire courses and books on the subject of plant resistance to crop pests, this lecture will cover only the essential aspects of the topic. Painter 1951 formalized the selection process of plant resistance by. I would, however, invite specialists in other areas, such as biological and. An integrated pest management ipm approach that relies on an array of tactics is adopted commonly in response to problems with pesticidebased production in. While books on theoretical aspects of hpr are available, an exclusive book on the practical aspects is lacking. Learn how host plant resistance and biological control can work together to provide a longterm, integrated approach to managing a new invasive species in. Incorporating hostplant resistance into soybean aphid. A simple rule was developed at the national centre for integrated pest management, new delhi, to predict the attack of helicoverpa. Integrated pest management in north dakota agriculture pp863, revised june 2018 download pdf examples of different pest management strategies, such as cultural, host plant resistance, mechanical, biological and chemical are described.
An integrated pest management ipm approach that relies on an array of tactics is adopted commonly in response to problems with pesticidebased production in many agricultural systems. Impact of host plant health and host plant resistance on aphis glycines hemiptera. Induced resistance, or resistance triggered by prior herbivore attack, has a number of potential uses in crop protection that are only now beginning to be explored. Hostplant resistance in pest management sciencedirect. Deployment of host plant resistance hpr provides an opportunity to manage these issues in gm cotton systems. The traditional approach to the use of hostplant resistance in integrated pest management involves four steps. Abstract host plant resistance as a management tactic involves both the exploitation of intraspecific variation in genetically based plant resistance to breed crop varieties that support lower populations of herbivores or that better tolerate injury by herbivores and the integration of said varieties with other management tactics such as insecticide applications and biological control. More than 100 species of insects feed on the rice crop, but only about 20. Pdf host plant resistance to arthropods in vegetables.
Host plant resistance hpr is one of the ecofriendly methods of pest management. Host plant resistance may increase pest mortality rates or decrease pest reproduction rates sufficiently to require very little pesticide to maintain pest populations below the economic threshold. Host plant resistance development of ecourse for b. Resistance of plants is relative and is based on comparison with plants lacking the resistance characters, i. Despite differences between the rice and water oats populations we find evidence for geneflow, indicating that water oats would be a refuge for resistance management in bt rice. Synthetic insecticides, agronomic practices, nuclear polyhedrosis virus npv, and natural plant products have been evaluated as components of pest management in chickpea.
Plant defense against herbivory or host plant resistance hpr describes a range of adaptations evolved by plants which improve their survival and reproduction by reducing the impact of herbivores. Host plant resistance the development of crop cultivars resistant or tolerant to h. Host plant resistance is often used as a fundamental component of an ipm system because of the generally compatible, complementary role that pest resistant crops play with other tactics. The compatibility of a specific type of plant resistance with other pest management methods will vary and these variations need to be assessed. Insect pest management in eggplant university of maryland. Key words vegetables, host plant resistance, integrated pest management. A keen appreciation of the types and mechanisms of resistance must be attained in order to fully understand and utilize resistant cultivars as effective tools in todays pest management schemes. One method of nonchemical pest control in field crops is the development and dissemination of varieties with hostplant resistance. The most attractive feature of hpr is that farmers virtually do not need any. In other words, insectresistant plants alter the relationship an insect pest has with its plant host. This publication summarizes integrated pest management of flea beetles in canola including identification, life cycle, crop damage, trapping, field scouting, economic threshold, cultural control, host plant resistance, biological control, and chemical control. Host plant resistance hpr against nematodes rev 103019 sources. Keys to the increased use of host plant resistance in. Host plant resistance is also generally compatible with biological control.
Exploiting host plant resistance for pest management in. Host resistance is important in reducing cost of pest control, may help protect environment by reducing pesticide use, and may help alleviate the onset of pesticide resistance. Host plant resistance can play a pivotal role in pest management in grain legumes and resistance to insect pests should be one. Host plant resistance for cowpea insect pest management.
Apr 26, 2017 learn how host plant resistance and biological control can work together to provide a longterm, integrated approach to managing a new invasive species in kansas sorghum, the sugarcane aphid. Also, chemical control, plant extracts, diatomaceous, nanotechnology, physical control, ionizing irradiation, host plant resistance and biological control are the effective methods for the management of cowpea pests in the storage. Pdf host plant resistance and insect pest management in. This is rellected in the relatively recent release ofseveral insectresistant varieties and breeding. Growers need to integrate as many different management tools as possible for long term success. Host plant resistance hpr to insects is an effective, economical, and environment friendly method of pest control. Singh skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Hostplant resistance in pest management compatibility with other pest management practices merits and demerits. Types and mechanisms of host plant resistance to insect. Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes involved in moth sex pheromone biosynthetic pathways, xiaoyi dou.
Pesticide productivity, hostplant resistance and productivity in china. Because of its value growers frequently apply pesticides regularly in order to protect their investment. The role and use of genetically engineered insectresistant. Host plant resistance against herbivorous invertebrate pests is generally defined as the sum of genetically inherited qualities that results in a plant of one cultivar or species being less damaged by a pest arthropod than a susceptible plant lacking these qualities panda and khush, 1995. Host plant resistance for insect control in some important crop plants. While eggplant production in maryland is rather small, they are grown over the entire state to supply vegetable stands with many varieties. Transgenic chickpea plants with cryiia gene have also been developed. Pdf the role of hostplant resistance in pest management in.
In contrast, there has been much less use of this method for the. Host plant resistance and biological control youtube. Host resistance used more for plant disease and nematode management because pesticides not so readily available or effective. Conventional breeding for insect resistance has, in general, lagged behind disease resistance however, there is germplasm with resistance to insectpests, including faw breeding for insectpest resistance requires good knowledge of the biology of the host as well as the pest effectiveness depends upon. Jan 14, 2020 the rice stem borer is a major pest of rice, but also feeds on water oats. Integrated pest management ipm means the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are. Host plant resistance promotes a secondary pest population. Australia, mexico and the usa were the first adopting countries in 1996 and were collectively responsible for growing about 1.
Host plant resistance definition types and mechanisms, ecological and genetic resistance. Host plant resistance is an economical and environmentfriendly method of insect pest and disease management. The role of hostplant resistance in pest management in. The following chapters focus on research identifying. Host plant resistance in pest management compatibility with other pest management practices merits and demerits. Plants can sense being touched, and they can use several strategies to defend against damage caused by herbivores.
Experimental techniques in hostplant resistance akshay. Synthetic insecticides, agronomic practices, nuclear polyhedrosis virus, entomopathogenic fungi, bacteria and natural plant products have been evaluated as components of pest management in chickpea. It protects the crop by making it less suitable or tolerant to the pest. Resistance to insect pests and diseases should be given as much emphasis as yield to identify new varieties and hybrids for cultivation by the farmers sharma and ortiz, 2002. A historical account of plant resistance terminology is presented. Integrated pest management of flea beetles in canola. However, when alternative pest management strategies effectively suppress primary pests, they also have the potential to promote secondary pest populations via competitive release. Entomology theses and dissertations entomology iowa state. Hostplant resistance in pest management request pdf. Enhancing integrated pest management in gm cotton systems. Lower concentration of insecticide is sufficient to control insects on resistant variety b.
The use of plant resistance for managing arthropod pests in rice illustrates many aspects of the use of host plant resistance in pest management. Host plant resistance to insects in integrated pest. This often leads to development of insect resistance, environmental. Ipm combines a wide range of tactics, including biological, chemical and cultural practices, to provide reliable, longterm pest control.
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